Data on births presented in this release were obtained from the timely and late registered births at the Office of the City Civil Registrar of Muntinlupa and submitted to the Office of the Civil Registrar General through the Philippine Statistics Authority – National Capital Region - Provincial Statistical Office V (PSA-NCR-PSO V). The information presented includes births by the usual residence of the mother that occurred from January to December 2023 based on data files received by the PSA - Civil Registration Service (CRS) from the PSOs and processed as of 31 August 2024. The figures presented herein are not adjusted for under registration.

Registered live births in the City of Muntinlupa slightly increased in 2023.

In 2023, City of Muntinlupa registered 6,045 live births, with a crude birth rate of 10.7 or about 11 births per 1,000 population, averaging 17 births daily. Although there was a 2.9 percent rise from 2022, registered births declined by 30.7 percent from 8,727 in 2014. The steepest drops occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a 13.2 percent fall in 2020 and 20.2 percent in 2021, likely due to health and economic disruptions. A brief rise in births from 2017 to 2019 peaked at 8,171 before the pandemic reversed the trend. While slight increases were recorded in 2022 and 2023, figures remain well below pre-pandemic levels, indicating only a gradual demographic recovery. (See Figure 1)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Male births outnumbered female births in the recorded data.

From January to December 2023, male live births slightly outnumbered female births. A total of 3,185 males were recorded, representing 52.7 percent of all births, compared to 2,860 females, or 47.3 percent. This resulted in a sex ratio of 111 males for every 100 females. A similar trend was observed in 2022, with 3,038 male births or 51.7 percent and 2,838 female births or 48.3 percent, yielding a lower sex ratio of 107 males per 100 females. The figures reflect a consistent, though modest, male predominance in live births over the two-year period. Additionally, while the total number of births rose in 2023, the male-to-female ratio also saw a slight increase. This suggests a continued demographic pattern, with a small but noticeable shift in favor of male births. (See Figures 2 and 3)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Most number of births were registered in October.

October emerged as the peak month for registered live births in the city in 2023, with 581 births, representing 9.6 percent of the annual total. This was closely followed by September and December, which accounted for 9.5 percent and 8.7 percent of births, respectively. In contrast, February and July recorded the lowest numbers, each contributing just 7.3 percent to the yearly total. (See Figure 4)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Proportion of birth deliveries attended by health professionals increased in 2023.

In 2023, 92.4 percent of registered live births were attended by health professionals, marking a 1.5 percentage point increase from the 90.9 percent recorded in 2022. This upward trend highlights growing access to and preference for professional medical care during childbirth. In contrast, deliveries assisted by traditional birth attendants, locally known as hilots, declined from 8.9 percent in 2022 to 7.2 percent in 2023 or a decrease of 1.7 percentage points. Meanwhile, births categorized under “others” saw a slight rise, increasing from 0.2 percent to 0.4 percent year-over-year. (See Figure 5)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

The majority of registered live births in the City of Muntinlupa in 2023 were delivered under the supervision of health professionals, which include physicians, midwives, and nurses. Physicians accounted for the highest share, attending to 73.4 percent of total births. This was followed by midwives at 18.7 percent and nurses at 0.3 percent. In contrast, 7.2 percent of births were assisted by traditional birth attendants, while a minimal 0.4 percent were categorized under "others." (See Figure 6)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Rise in deliveries at health facilities observed in 2023.

In the City of Muntinlupa, 89.4 percent of total births in 2023 occurred in health facilities, including hospitals, birthing clinics, lying-in clinics, outpatient care centers, and other specialized establishments. This marks a notable increase from the 88.2 percent recorded in 2022, reflecting a sustained shift toward facility-based deliveries. In contrast, only 9.8 percent of births took place at home, while a minimal 0.8 percent were delivered in other locations. (See Figures 7 and 8)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Most newborn babies weigh more than 2,500 grams.

The nutritional status of newborns is commonly assessed based on their birth weight, with the World Health Organization (WHO) defining low birth weight as less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds) at birth.

In 2023, the City of Muntinlupa reported that the majority of newborns totaling 5,284 or 87.4 percent of registered live births had a birth weight above the low-birth-weight threshold. This figure shows a slight increase from 87.3 percent recorded in 2022, indicating a consistent improvement in newborn nutritional outcomes. Among these, the highest proportion of newborns, accounting for 2,420 or 40.0 percent, weighed between 2,500 and 2,999 grams at birth. (See Figure 9)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

The majority of babies are born to father and mother aged 25-29 years old.

The City of Muntinlupa recorded a dynamic profile of parenthood in 2023, based on the distribution of registered live births by the age group of both mothers and fathers.

The majority of live births were attributed to parents aged 25–29 years, comprising 29.5 percent of mothers and 26.9 percent of fathers. This was closely followed by the 30–34 age group, accounting for 25.1 percent of mothers and 25.3 percent of fathers, affirming that childbearing largely occurs within these prime reproductive years.

Meanwhile, babies born to adolescent mothers, those aged below 20 years, reached 6.8 percent of total births. This proportion is higher than the 2.7 percent recorded among adolescent fathers, reflecting that early motherhood remains more common than early fatherhood in the city.

A gradual decline in the proportion of births was observed among parents aged 35 years and older. Fathers aged 35–39 years accounted for 15.4 percent of live births, slightly higher than the 14.2 percent share recorded among mothers in the same age group. In contrast, births involving parents aged 40–44 years were less frequent, comprising 4.0 percent among mothers and 7.7 percent among fathers. Live births attributed to parents aged 45 years and older were minimal, with 0.2 percent among mothers and 4.1 percent among fathers. Additionally, 3.5 percent of registered births involved fathers whose ages were not reported, whereas the ages of all mothers were fully documented. (See Figure 10)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

The median age of mothers at childbirth was 29 years old while for fathers, it was 31 years old. This means that half of the births in 2023 in the City of Muntinlupa were to mothers and fathers who were at least 29 years old and 31 years old, respectively.

Those between the ages of 17 and younger and 35 years old and over are considered to be at "high risk" of pregnancy. This is because childbearing in these age groups is more likely to have complications during pregnancy and labor that may result in higher morbidity and mortality for both mother and child.

In 2023, approximately 6.8 percent of newborns were born to mothers younger than 20 years old, while around 18.4 percent were born to mothers aged 35 years and older. (See Figure 11)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

More than half of newborns were born to unmarried mothers.

The highest incidence of non-marital births in the city in 2023 was recorded among mothers aged 25–29, with 1,329 cases or 31.3 percent of the total. This was followed by mothers aged 20–24, who accounted for 1,122 cases or 26.4 percent, reflecting a notable share among younger women. Meanwhile, 810 cases or 19.1 percent were recorded among mothers aged 30–34, indicating a declining trend in this age group’s share compared to those in their twenties. (See Figure 12)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Moreover, in 2023, a significant majority of live births in the city were classified as non-marital. Out of the total registered births, 4,246 infants or equivalent to 70.2 percent were born out of wedlock, underscoring a prevailing trend of non-marital childbearing. In contrast, only 1,799 births, or 29.8 percent, were to legally married parents, highlighting a substantial disparity between non-marital and marital births during the year. (See Figure 13)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

The City of Muntinlupa showed a clear pattern in birth legitimacy by age in 2023. Non-marital births dominated among younger mothers, with 100 percent under 15, 99.0 percent for ages 15-19 and 92.1 percent for ages 20–24. Marital births gradually increased, starting at 25.5 percent for ages 25–29 and reaching near parity at 46.6 percent for ages 30–34. By age 45 and over, marital births slightly surpassed non-marital ones at 50 percent. This trend highlights that older mothers are more likely to give birth within marriage compared to younger age groups. (See Figure 14)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

More than 90 percent were registered on time.

The birth of a child shall be registered within thirty days from the time of birth to be considered a timely registration. In the City of Muntinlupa, approximately nine of every ten registered births in 2023 were on time. (See Figure 15)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division

Technical Notes

Civil Registration is the recording in the appropriate civil registers, vital acts and events that affect the civil status of individuals.

Vital Statistics are derived from information obtained at the time when the occurrences of vital events and their characteristics are inscribed in a civil register.

Vital acts and events are the births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages, and all such events that have something to do with an individual's entrance and departure from life together with the changes in civil status that may occur to a person during his lifetime. Recording of these events in the civil register is known as vital or civil registration and the resulting documents are called vital records.

• Live Birth - is the complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of a product of conception, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy, which, after such separation, breathes or shows any other evidence of life, such as beating of the heart, pulsation of umbilical cord, or definite movement of the voluntary muscles. Whether or not the umbilical cord has been cut, or the placenta is attached; each product of such a birth is considered live born.

• Sex Ratio - refers to the number of males per one hundred females.

• Usual Residence - refers to the place where the person habitually or permanently resides.

• Crude Birth Rate - The ratio between the number of live births in a population during a given year and the total mid-year population for the same year, usually multiplied by 1,000

For more details, please visit www.psa.gov.ph

ESTRELLA R. VARGAS
Chief Statistical Specialist

Attachments:

1. Table 1. Number and Percent Change of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother and by Sex, City of Muntinlupa: 2014-2023
2. Table 2. Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother, by Month, and by Sex, City of Muntinlupa: 2023
3. Table 3. Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother and by Attendant at Birth, and by Sex, City of Muntinlupa: 2023
4. Table 4. Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother, by Site of Delivery, and by Sex, City of Muntinlupa: 2023
5. Table 5. Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother, by Birth Weight, and by Sex, City of Muntinlupa: 2023
6. Table 6. Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother, by Age of the Mother, by Sex, and by Legitimacy Status: City of Muntinlupa: 2023
7. Table 7. Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother, by Age of the Father, by Sex, and by Legitimacy Status: City of Muntinlupa: 2023
8. Table 8. Number of Live Births by Usual Residence of Mother, by Month, and by Registration Status: City of Muntinlupa: 2023